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	<title>Center for a Stateless Society &#187; environment</title>
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		<title>Grant A. Mincy Named C4SS’s Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/35200</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/35200#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2015 00:00:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Tuttle]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stigmergy - C4SS Blog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[capitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Common Governance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Elinor Ostrom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The Center for a Stateless Society (C4SS) has named Grant A. Mincy its first Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance. Mincy holds a chair on the Energy &#38; Environment Advisory Council for the Our America Initiative and an Associate editor of the Molinari Review. He earned his Masters degree in Earth and...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Center for a Stateless Society (C4SS) has named <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/author/grant-mincy" target="_blank">Grant A. Mincy</a> its first <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/35199" target="_blank"><em>Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</em></a>.</p>
<p>Mincy holds a chair on the Energy &amp; Environment Advisory Council for the Our America Initiative and an Associate editor of the Molinari Review. He earned his Masters degree in Earth and Planetary Science from the University of Tennessee in the summer of 2012. He lives in Knoxville, Tennessee where he teaches both Biology and Geology at area colleges.</p>
<p>Mincy is a fellow of C4SS and has been writing with C4SS for almost two years. He has had commentaries published in many countries and in several languages. He has already published one academic study, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/31680" target="_blank">Power and Property: A Corollary</a>, with C4SS and is currently working on his second. His work has focused on issues of environment, ecology, commons governance, power of place, climate change, education, communication technology, resilient communities and the importance of anarchism to any social theory claiming justice, peace and prosperity as its values.</p>
<p>This chair is named in honor of the brilliant, prolific and passionate economist and political scientist <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/23644" target="_blank">Elinor Ostrom</a>. Ostrom&#8217;s life, work, Workshop (research databases and libraries) and &#8220;<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/10700" target="_blank">a 50 year legacy of nurturing young scholars focused on solutions oriented research</a>&#8221; demonstrates a powerful commitment to describing a a world beyond states and capitalism. A world where people are not at the mercy of the scarcity facts of the universe or the monocentric institutions desperately presumed as our only means of salvation. A world where people, communities, environments and resources are all important parts of governance problems and their quick-fix &#8220;Faustian Bargain&#8221; solutions are kept in view, in check, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/22338" target="_blank">impossible and irrelevant</a>.</p>
<p>We look forward to seeing how Mincy’s research and writing develops and enriches our understanding of Environmental Studies and Commons Governance for a stateless society.</p>
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		<title>The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/35199</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/35199#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2015 23:00:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Tuttle]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Odds & Ends]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[capitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Common Governance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Elinor Ostrom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Economist, political scientist, game theorist, professor, co-director of the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, detailed researcher, scholar of polycentric institutional systems, and Nobel Prize winner: Elinor Ostrom. The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance is the fourth academic position created by the Trustees of the Center for a Stateless Society. Each...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Economist, political scientist, game theorist, professor, co-director of the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, detailed researcher, scholar of polycentric institutional systems, and Nobel Prize winner: Elinor Ostrom.</p>
<p><em>The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</em> is the fourth academic position created by the Trustees of the Center for a Stateless Society. Each chair is designed and charged with advancing our understanding of what constitutes a flourishing stateless society. <em>The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</em> has a special focus on environmental-ecological concerns, common-pool resources, horizontal-collaborative governance and the polycentric structures that promise their viability and endurance.</p>
<p>It is named in honor of the brilliant, prolific and passionate economist and political scientist <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/23644" target="_blank">Elinor Ostrom</a>. Ostrom&#8217;s life, work, Workshop (research databases and libraries) and &#8220;<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/10700" target="_blank">a 50 year legacy of nurturing young scholars focused on solutions oriented research</a>&#8221; demonstrates a powerful commitment to describing a a world beyond states and capitalism. A world where people are not at the mercy of the scarcity facts of the universe or the monocentric institutions desperately presumed as our only means of salvation. A world where people, communities, environments and resources are all important parts of governance problems and their quick-fix &#8220;Faustian Bargain&#8221; solutions are kept in view, in check, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/22338" target="_blank">impossible and irrelevant</a>.</p>
<p>Kevin Carson described Elinor Ostrom as &#8220;<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/27752" target="_blank">characterized above all by a faith in human creativity</a> and agency, and an unwillingness to let a priori theoretical formulations either preempt [her] perceptions of the particularity and “is-ness” of history, or to interfere with the ability of ordinary, face-to-face groupings of people on the spot to develop workable arrangements &#8212; whatever they may be &#8212; among themselves.&#8221;</p>
<p>This is the charge of <em>The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</em>, to communicate, in detail, not only the importance and benefits of a stateless society to environmental concerns and issues of common-pool resource governance, but its advantages.</p>
<p>To be awarded <em>The Elinor Ostrom Chair in Environmental Studies and Commons Governance</em> position signals a scholar’s energy and capacity to contribute, in outstanding ways, to that interdisciplinary field of social theory &#8212; drawing on resources in ecology, economics, philosophy, sociology, history, among other fields &#8212; known as Environmental Studies and Commons Governance.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Climate Action: Stand on the Ashes of Power on Feed 44</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/34438</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/34438#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Dec 2014 20:00:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Tuttle]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Feed 44]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Climate Summit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ISIS]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[C4SS Feed 44 presents Grant A. Mincy&#8216;s “Climate Action: Stand on the Ashes of Power” read by Erick Vasconcelos and edited by Nick Ford. The US Department of Defense is the nation’s single largest consumer of fossil fuels. From arms production to the grand machines of war, the military emits more greenhouse gas than any other state institution....]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>C4SS Feed 44 presents <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/author/grant-mincy" target="_blank">Grant A. Mincy</a>&#8216;s “<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/32254" target="_blank">Climate Action: Stand on the Ashes of Power</a>” read by Erick Vasconcelos and edited by Nick Ford.</p>
<p><iframe width="500" height="375" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Dv6oESs7JXw?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>The US Department of Defense is the nation’s single largest consumer of fossil fuels. From arms production to the grand machines of war, the military emits more greenhouse gas than any other state institution. War also wrecks natural ecosystems. Ongoing interventions have damaged forests and wetlands across the Middle East. According to CostOfWar.org, Afghanistan has lost 38% of total forested area to illegal logging. This deforestation is associated with warlords who rise to power from the ashes of military campaigns that continually destabilize the region. This plunder eliminates beneficial ecosystem services to surrounding populations and gives rise to further conflict and violence as people are left with depleted resources. Forest loss also reduces the amount of available habitat for a number of species, including avian communities, currently experiencing a precipitous population decline — a dangerous precedent in the midst of Earth’s sixth mass extinction.</p>
<p>The state organism is continually exalted by those in positions of power as the only legitimate mechanism of social organization. We are told only the state can ensure peace and sustainability in an increasingly complex and ever fragile world. But given the role of the nation-state in the world, as an economic and military power, it is time to acknowledge the organism is a global threat to peace, security, liberty and the environment.</p>
<p>Feed 44:</p>
<ul>
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<li><a href="https://twitter.com/C4SSmedia" target="_blank" rel="nofollow nofollow">https://twitter.com/<wbr />C4SSmedia</a></li>
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<p>Bitcoin tips welcome:</p>
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		<title>Political Governance and Natural Boundaries on Feed 44</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/32808</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/32808#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Oct 2014 19:00:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Tuttle]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Feed 44]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adaptive Collaborative Management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anthropocene]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common property]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic Growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Natural Resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[property]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Water Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[youtube]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[C4SS Feed 44 presents Grant Mincy&#8216;s “Political Governance and Natural Boundaries” read by Christopher King and edited by Nick Ford. What is imperiling the desert is human domination of the landscape. Planning, zoning and development ultimately seek economic growth. There are of course guidelines and restrictions, town hall meetings and financial statements, but at the end of...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>C4SS Feed 44 presents <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/author/grant-mincy" target="_blank">Grant Mincy</a>&#8216;s “<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/31393" target="_blank">Political Governance and Natural Boundaries</a>” read by Christopher King and edited by Nick Ford.</p>
<p><iframe width="500" height="375" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/hgTDqUh4EDk?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>What is imperiling the desert is human domination of the landscape.</p>
<p>Planning, zoning and development ultimately seek economic growth. There are of course guidelines and restrictions, town hall meetings and financial statements, but at the end of the day centralized economic regimes will develop a landscape if there’s a profit to be made.</p>
<p>Landscapes have been divided, not based on the sciences of resource management, geology or ecology, but rather to serve political and economic ambitions. States draw fictional lines in the sand for the sole purpose of claiming landscapes as property to enclose, develop and regulate. The political boundary is a marker of centralized economic planning — an institution that sprouts cities, municipalities, lush green golf courses and dam construction in arid lands.</p>
<p>Feed 44:</p>
<ul>
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<li><a href="https://twitter.com/C4SSmedia" target="_blank" rel="nofollow nofollow">https://twitter.com/<wbr />C4SSmedia</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Bitcoin tips welcome:</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Azione sul Clima: Sulle Ceneri del Potere</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/32750</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/32750#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Oct 2014 11:00:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Grant A. Mincy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Italian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stateless Embassies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Climate Summit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ISIS]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[In un suo recente intervento al vertice sul clima delle Nazioni Unite, Barack Obama ha spronato le nazioni della terra a collaborare per affrontare il problema dei cambiamenti climatici antropogenici. Obama ha rassicurato i politici presenti che gli “Stati Uniti d’America si stanno dando una mossa” e che noi (collettivamente) “ci assumiamo la responsabilità” di...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In un suo recente intervento al <a href="http://www.un.org/climatechange/summit/" target="_blank">vertice sul clima delle Nazioni Unite</a>, Barack Obama ha spronato le nazioni della terra a collaborare per affrontare il problema dei cambiamenti climatici antropogenici. Obama ha rassicurato i politici presenti che gli “Stati Uniti d’America si stanno dando una mossa” e che noi (collettivamente) “ci assumiamo la responsabilità” di combattere i cambiamenti climatici. È curioso notare che, mentre il premio nobel per la pace parlava, cadevano bombe con l’insegna USA in Afganistan, Iraq, Siria, Yemen, Pakistan e Somalia.</p>
<p>La guerra non è compatibile con la sostenibilità. Per affrontare seriamente il cambiamento antropogenico occorre la pace.</p>
<p>Gli Stati Uniti sono in uno stato di guerra permanente. Il <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/25/world/middleeast/obama-syria-un-isis.html" target="_blank">nuovo attacco</a> dell’amministrazione Obama contro Isis ne è una prova ulteriore. Nessuna novità. Appena un anno fa alti rappresentanti dell’amministrazione dicevano al senato che esiste un “ampio consenso” sulla necessità di estendere le operazioni militari in Medio Oriente. Un altro decennio di guerra, forse due, in “forma illimitata”. E a quel punto gli Stati Uniti sarebbero a metà strada nella guerra al terrore globale. Così si diceva prima che l’Isis diventasse argomento da salotto.</p>
<p>Questo stato di guerra è responsabile del massacro di innocenti, dell’inasprimento del terrore e della distruzione; e tutto mentre si propaganda l’azione sul clima. Una cosa è certa: sul clima lo stato non sta andando a “battere un colpo”.</p>
<p>Il dipartimento americano della difesa è da solo il più grande consumatore nazionale di combustibili fossili. Dalla produzione di armi alle grandi macchine da guerra, le forze armate emettono più gas serra <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/3181:the-military-assault-on-global-climate" target="_blank">di ogni altra istituzione</a>. Aggiungeteci la distruzione dell’ecosistema naturale portata dalla guerra. Gli attuali interventi hanno danneggiato il patrimonio forestale e lagunare in tutto il Medio Oriente. Secondo <a href="http://costsofwar.org/article/environmental-costs" target="_blank">CostOfWar.org</a>, l’Afganistan ha perso il 38% delle aree boschive a causa del taglio illegale. Questa deforestazione è legata ai signori della guerra che salgono al potere sulle ceneri delle campagne militari che continuano a destabilizzare la regione. Questo saccheggio elimina quei benefici che l’ecosistema dà alle popolazioni del luogo, generando scarsità di risorse che a sua volta fa nascere ulteriori conflitti e violenze. La riduzione della superficie boschiva, inoltre, restringe l’habitat di un gran numero di specie, compresi i volatili che attualmente subiscono un forte declino; un precedente pericoloso nel mezzo della <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/27805" target="_blank">sesta estinzione di massa</a>.</p>
<p>Chi sta al potere esalta continuamente lo stato come unico sistema in grado di organizzare legittimamente la società. Ci dicono che solo lo stato può assicurare pace e sostenibilità in un mondo sempre più complesso e fragile. Dato il ruolo dello stato nazione come forza economica e militare, è ormai tempo di riconoscere la sua natura di <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/jun/15/usa.iran" target="_blank">minaccia mondiale alla pace</a>, la sicurezza, la libertà e l’ambiente.</p>
<p>Lo stato non è in grado di agire sul clima. Lo stato nazione funziona come un essere razionale, mira al proprio interesse. Cerca di espandere il proprio potere, per lo più sfruttando le risorse naturali. Esiste un conflitto di interessi all’interno di uno stato: quello che ha più territorio è anche quello che ha più risorse disponibili al consumo. Ecco perché la guerra (che sia militare o economica) rappresenta il benessere dello stato: perché garantisce il monopolio su un territorio, e dunque sulle sue risorse.</p>
<p>Tutto questo mentre da 300 a 400 mila persone <a href="http://peoplesclimate.org/" target="_blank">marciavano</a> davanti alle Nazioni Unite e in tutto il mondo per chiedere protezione per l’ambiente. Il progresso inizia per strada, ma un vero cambiamento si può avere solo con con un’attività ambientalista quotidiana <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/28685" target="_blank">a livello di vicinato</a>. Questo potere sociale può rendere inservibile lo stato con tutta la sua autorità illegittima. Non limitatevi a darvi una mossa. Marciate sulle ceneri del potere.</p>
<p><a href="http://pulgarias.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">Traduzione di Enrico Sanna</a>.</p>
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		<title>Another Top-Down Disaster on Feed 44</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/32604</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/32604#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Oct 2014 19:00:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Tuttle]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Feed 44]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adaptive Collaborative Management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[counter-economics]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[top down disaster]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[C4SS Feed 44 presents Grant Mincy&#8216;s “Another Top-Down Disaster” read and edited by Nick Ford. In the short term, our current institutions will work with residents to try to ameliorate the crisis, but what about the long term? How can we work to ensure these 400,000 are not left without potable water again? There will be a...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>C4SS Feed 44 presents <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/author/grant-mincy" target="_blank">Grant Mincy</a>&#8216;s “<a href="http://c4ss.org/content/30044" target="_blank">Another Top-Down Disaster</a>” read and edited by Nick Ford.</p>
<p><iframe width="500" height="375" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/IBiF46qEAAo?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>In the short term, our current institutions will work with residents to try to ameliorate the crisis, but what about the long term? How can we work to ensure these 400,000 are not left without potable water again? There will be a lot of dialogue and debate over how to move forward and protect the public good. All too often, however, we look for simple, top-down direction to alleviate and mitigate environmental concerns.</p>
<p>This is understandable. The simple solution and the “decide, announce, defend” mentality is an easy way out. The problem is, no matter how simple an ecological concept, the natural system behind it is incredibly complex. Simple solutions cannot mitigate complex systems – but evolving, dynamic systems can continually shift policy to meet public and environmental health demands. This is why there is a need for greater community involvement, free association and a stakeholder approach that allows equal participation among all.</p>
<p>Feed 44:</p>
<ul>
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</ul>
<p>Bitcoin tips welcome:</p>
<ul>
<li>1N1pF6fLKAGg4nH7XuqYQbKYXNxCnHBWLB</li>
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		<title>Climate Action: Stand on the Ashes of Power</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/32254</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/32254#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Sep 2014 18:00:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Grant A. Mincy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Climate Summit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ISIS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islamic state]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Italian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[militarism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neighborhood Environmentalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social power]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state power]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stateless Embassies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://c4ss.org/?p=32254</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In recent comments at the United Nations Climate Summit, US president Barack Obama espoused an urgent need for all the nations of Earth to work together and engage anthropogenic climate change. Obama ensured his peers in attendance that the &#8220;United States of America is stepping up to the plate&#8221; and that (the collective) we &#8220;embrace our responsibility&#8221; to...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In recent comments at the <a title="United Nations Climate Summit" href="http://www.un.org/climatechange/summit/">United Nations Climate Summit</a>, US president Barack Obama espoused an urgent need for all the nations of Earth to work together and engage anthropogenic climate change. Obama <a title="President Obama: &quot;No Nation Is Immune&quot; to Climate Change" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2014/09/23/president-obama-no-nation-immune-climate-change">ensured his peers in attendance</a> that the &#8220;United States of America is stepping up to the plate&#8221; and that (the collective) we &#8220;embrace our responsibility&#8221; to combat climate change. Curiously, though, as the Nobel Peace Prize winner spoke, bombs bearing the USA&#8217;s insignia fell on Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Pakistan and Somalia.</p>
<p>War is incompatible with sustainability. Serious engagement of anthropogenic change demands peace.</p>
<p>The United States is a permanent wartime state. The Obama administration&#8217;s <a title="In U.N. Speech, Obama Vows to Fight ISIS ‘Network of Death’" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/25/world/middleeast/obama-syria-un-isis.html">new military engagement</a> with ISIS is yet another testament to the fact. This should be no surprise. Just over a year ago senior administration officials <a title="Washington gets explicit: its 'war on terror' is permanent" href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/may/17/endless-war-on-terror-obama">told the US Senate</a> there exists a &#8220;broad consensus&#8221; that military operations in the Middle East are to be extended, in their &#8220;limitless form,&#8221; for at least another decade, possibly two, before adding the United States has reached only the midpoint in its global war on terror.  This was before ISIS became a topic of dinner table discussion.</p>
<p>This wartime state is responsible for the mass slaughter of innocents, exacerbation of global terror and property destruction &#8212; all while advancing anthropogenic climate change. Rest assured, the state will not be &#8220;going to bat&#8221; on climate.</p>
<p>The US Department of Defense is the nation&#8217;s single largest consumer of fossil fuels. From arms production to the grand machines of war, the military emits more greenhouse gas <a title="The Military Assault on Global Climate" href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/3181:the-military-assault-on-global-climate">than any other state institution</a>. War also wrecks natural ecosystems. Ongoing interventions have damaged forests and wetlands across the Middle East. According to <a title="Environmental Costs" href="http://costsofwar.org/article/environmental-costs">CostOfWar.org</a>, Afghanistan has lost 38% of total forested area to illegal logging. This deforestation is associated with warlords who rise to power from the ashes of military campaigns that continually destabilize the region. This plunder eliminates beneficial ecosystem services to surrounding populations and gives rise to further conflict and violence as people are left with depleted resources. Forest loss also reduces the amount of available habitat for a number of species, including avian communities, currently experiencing a precipitous population decline &#8212; a dangerous precedent in the midst of <a title="Earth's sixth mass extinction" href="http://c4ss.org/content/27805">Earth&#8217;s sixth mass extinction</a>.</p>
<p>The state organism is continually exalted by those in positions of power as the only legitimate mechanism of social organization. We are told only the state can ensure peace and sustainability in an increasingly complex and ever fragile world. But given the role of the nation-state in the world, as an economic and military power, it is time to acknowledge the organism is a <a title="US - Global Threat to Peace" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/jun/15/usa.iran" target="_blank">global threat to peace</a>, security, liberty and the environment.</p>
<p>States will not act on climate. Nation-states work as rational actors, advancing their own self interests. They seek the expansion their power, largely through the exploitation of natural resources. There is an inherent conflict of interest among states: The state with the most territory has the most resources for consumption. This is why war (be it military or economic) is the health of the state &#8212; it provides a monopoly over a territory and thus resources.</p>
<p>All of this, as 300 to 400 thousand people <a title="Peoples Climate March" href="http://peoplesclimate.org/">marched outside</a> of the United Nations, and around the globe, to urge environmental protection. Progress starts in the streets, but true change requires everyday <a title="Neighborhood Environmentalism" href="http://c4ss.org/content/28685">neighborhood environmentalism</a>. Social power can render the state, and all of its illegitimate authority, useless. Don&#8217;t just step up to the plate. Stand on the ashes of power.</p>
<p>Translations for this article:</p>
<ul>
<li>Italian, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/32750" target="_blank">Azione sul Clima: Sulle Ceneri del Potere</a>.</li>
</ul>
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		<title>Political Governance and Natural Boundaries</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/31393</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/31393#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Sep 2014 18:00:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Grant A. Mincy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adaptive Collaborative Management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anthropocene]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common property]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic Growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Natural Resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[property]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Statelessness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Crisis]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The vast Sonoran Desert of the American Southwest lies in the political territories of California and Arizona and reaches south into Mexico. Its arid landscape is home to human industry and a complex ecosystem full of unique flora and fauna, mesas, canyons, arched rocks and other processes of deep time. It is thus governed by two competing forces: Political...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The vast <a title="Sonoran Desert" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_Desert">Sonoran Desert</a> of the American Southwest lies in the political territories of California and Arizona and reaches south into Mexico. Its arid landscape is home to human industry and a complex ecosystem full of unique flora and fauna, mesas, canyons, arched rocks and other processes of deep time. It is thus governed by two competing forces: Political governance and natural boundaries.</p>
<p>In the Sonora, just outside of Coachella, California <a title="Plans for desert subdivisions raising questions about water" href="http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/environment/2014/08/31/building-desert-needing-water/14894295/">new development plans </a>call for building tens of thousands of new homes on the landscape, converting wilderness to neighborhoods and town squares.</p>
<p>Media reports coming out of the southwest the past few months, however, note <a title="Think the Southwest’s Drought Is Bad Now? It Could Last a Generation or More" href="http://www.motherjones.com/tom-philpott/2014/09/southwest-megadrought">the great drought and water crisis gripping the region</a>. Residents wonder where the water for even more sprawl will come from. NASA <a title="NASA Made An Underground Water Map To See Just How Bad The Drought Is" href="http://gizmodo.com/nasa-made-an-underground-water-map-to-see-just-how-bad-1610315490?utm_campaign=socialflow_gizmodo_facebook&amp;utm_source=gizmodo_facebook&amp;utm_medium=socialflow">satellite mapping the region</a> reveals incredible reductions in groundwater across the landscape. The trend is resource depletion, and we are warned it will only get worse.</p>
<p>But, the water shortage is not the crisis gripping the Southwest.</p>
<p>There is water everywhere in desert. Water flows in braided streams and deep channels such as the great Colorado. Water carves out canyons and gorges against quartz rich sandstone, occupies porous rock and nurtures incredible desert plants such as the flowering cacti. As desert enthusiast <a title="Abbey's Web" href="http://www.abbeyweb.net/">Edward Abbey</a> writes in his book <em><a title="Desert Solitaire" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005IHAINY">Desert Solitaire</a></em>: &#8220;Water, water, water &#8230; There is no shortage of water in the desert but exactly the right amount &#8230; There is no lack of water here unless you try to establish a city where no city should be.&#8221;</p>
<p>What is imperiling the desert is human domination of the landscape.</p>
<p>Planning, zoning and development ultimately seek economic growth. There are of course guidelines and restrictions, town hall meetings and financial statements, but at the end of the day centralized economic regimes will develop a landscape if there&#8217;s a profit to be made.</p>
<p>Landscapes have been divided, not based on the sciences of resource management, geology or ecology, but rather to serve political and economic ambitions. States draw fictional lines in the sand for the sole purpose of claiming landscapes as property to enclose, develop and regulate. The political boundary is a marker of centralized economic planning &#8212; an institution that sprouts cities, municipalities, lush green golf courses and dam construction in arid lands.</p>
<p>It is a pity that advocates of central planning, in the name of the environment no less continually deny that high-liberalism is a failed dogma. The market mechanism, however, coupled with common governance offers a fresh take on resource management. This adaptive approach allows us to analyze landscapes in terms of watersheds, ecosystems, capacity for food production, resources available for trade, cultural heritage and resource conservation.</p>
<p>Such an order would ensure that vast landscapes will rarely, if ever, be occupied by our bodies.</p>
<p>The market mechanism, free of sweeping land use policy, would naturally cap resource extraction at its maximum sustainable yield. There would be strong economic incentive for water conservation in arid lands, as opposed to the maximum utility we see today. This respect for natural boundaries would in turn limit the amount of sprawl into the landscape. In the commons, land is not a commodity, but a connection &#8212; a place of labor and heritage.</p>
<p align="JUSTIFY">I have long admired the desert. In these lands geologic formations readily display the story of an ancient Earth, streams intricately carve new landscapes while deep canyons and alluvial fans speak to the power of time. The desert should not be subjected to the <a title="Welcome to the Anthropocene" href="http://www.anthropocene.info/en/home">Anthropocene</a>, but liberated from it.</p>
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		<title>Another Top-Down Disaster</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/30044</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/30044#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Aug 2014 18:00:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Grant A. Mincy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adaptive Collaborative Management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[counter-economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[counter-power]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Emergent Orders]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hierarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[horizontalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ohio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Toledo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[top down disaster]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Another water crisis is making national headlines. This time ground zero is in the mid-west. More than 400,000 people in and around Toledo, Ohio cannot drink water from their taps due to high levels of the dangerous toxin microcystin in the public drinking supply. The cause of this disaster is particularly concerning, however, as it is not the...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/08/03/3467068/toledo-ohio-water-crisis/" target="_blank">Another water crisis</a> is making national headlines. This time ground zero is in the mid-west. More than 400,000 people in and around Toledo, Ohio cannot drink water from their taps due to high levels of the dangerous toxin <a title="Wikipedia Microcystin" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcystin">microcystin</a> in the public drinking supply. The cause of this disaster is particularly concerning, however, as it is not the result of a tanker spill or any other large-scale industrial disaster, but rather a tried and failed approach to environmental management &#8212; top-down decree.</p>
<p>The spike of microcystin results from a massive <a title="Wikipedia Eutrophication" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrophication">eutrophication</a> event on Lake Erie. Eutrophication is not a unique phenomenon. It occurs readily in nature &#8212; but there has been a noted increase in the past few decades as a result of anthropogenic influence. For this particular Great Lake (as well as many other freshwater systems) the current crisis is exacerbated by a rapid influx of nitrogen and phosphorous from urban areas, waste water and industrial agriculture. Simply put, eutrophication occurs when algae experiences a rapid spike in population deemed an &#8220;algae bloom.&#8221; As <a title="7 Things You Need To Know About The Toxin That’s Poisoned Ohio’s Drinking Water" href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/08/03/3467068/toledo-ohio-water-crisis/">reported by</a> <em>Think Progress</em>, exposure to polluted water of this nature can cause &#8220;abnormal liver function, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, numbness, and dizziness.&#8221;</p>
<p>In the short term, our current institutions will work with residents to try to ameliorate the crisis, but what about the long term? How can we work to ensure these 400,000 are not left without potable water again? There will be a lot of dialogue and debate over how to move forward and protect the public good. All too often, however, we look for simple, top-down direction to alleviate and mitigate environmental concerns.</p>
<p>This is understandable. The simple solution and the &#8220;decide, announce, defend&#8221; mentality is an easy way out. The problem is, no matter how simple an ecological concept, the natural system behind it is incredibly complex. Simple solutions cannot mitigate complex systems &#8212; but evolving, dynamic systems can continually shift policy to meet public and environmental health demands. This is why there is a need for greater community involvement, free association and a stakeholder approach that allows equal participation among all.</p>
<p>Lucky for us, <a title="Ecology and Society" href="http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss2/art24/">Adaptive Collaborative Management</a> (ACM) is already a growing trend in resource governance. ACM is a model of conflict resolution developed to resolve complex problems requiring collective action. Going beyond personal points of view, this management style implores science, politics and underlying interests to come together and confront conflict. Adaptive collaboration is a more democratic approach to natural resource conflict resolution, as opposed to the traditional top down, bureaucratic approach. Simply put, it is a step toward relief from the state, empowering voices as opposed to silencing them.</p>
<p>The goal of such collaboration is <a title="Wikipedia Resilience" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resilience_(ecology)">resilience</a> &#8212; for both communities and ecosystems. In ecology, resilience is a property that reflects the ability of a system to withstand perturbations or shocks, of course we want this for our social systems as well. Resilience theory suggests that managed ecological systems are dynamic and unpredictable. Moreover, strategic top down management tends to erode resilience, making the system vulnerable to dramatic and surprising change.</p>
<p>To move forward in Ohio, and everywhere else, horizontal themes such as ACM need to be championed. To solve the problems created by top-down decision making, we must become dynamic. Decentralized policy making allows us to manage for change, rather than against change. Human interactions are complex, ecosystems are complex and there is beauty in complexity. To move forward we must empower the collective, amplify the voice of the individual and continue to build the decentralized society.</p>
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		<title>Neighborhood Environmentalism: Building Sustainable Markets</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/28685</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/28685#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Jun 2014 18:00:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Grant A. Mincy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[china]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common property]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free market anti-capitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Karl Hess]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laissez-faire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neighborhood Environmentalism]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[We live in a time of precipitous biodiversity loss, on course to yield the sixth great extinction. In such a time there should be high priority placed on protecting biodiversity. Instead of curbing habitat loss, the leading cause of extinction, however, the Chinese government actively pursues it. In the rich bioregion of central China, home to numerous species of endemic...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We live in a time of precipitous biodiversity loss, on course to yield <a title="The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection" href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6187/1246752.abstract?sid=d1eb3640-ea8b-4c5d-aa13-c87c91d5a536">the sixth great extinction</a>. In such a time there should be high priority placed on <a title="Neighborhood Environmentalism: Protecting Biodiversity" href="http://c4ss.org/content/27805">protecting biodiversity</a>. Instead of curbing habitat loss, the leading cause of extinction, however, the Chinese government actively pursues it. In the rich bioregion of central China, home to numerous species of endemic plants and animals, the state is leveling <a title="China to flatten 700 mountains for new metropolis in the desert" href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/06/china-flatten-mountain-lanzhou-new-area">700 mountains</a> for economic development.</p>
<p>An <a title="Environment: Accelerate research on land creation" href="http://www.nature.com/news/environment-accelerate-research-on-land-creation-1.15327#/mountains">article</a> published in early June by Chinese scientists in the international journal, <em><a title="Nature" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html">Nature</a></em> argues &#8220;the consequences of these unprecedented programmes have not been thought through — environmentally, technically or economically.&#8221; Such projects ultimately result in air and water pollution, soil erosion and large-scale geological hazards such as land subsidence. The authors conclude this project will lead to the vast destruction of forests &#8211; endangering rare flora and fauna.</p>
<p>State controlled media offers an alternative story, however, noting the loss of mountain habitat in the region will “<a title="Lanzhou &quot;New Area&quot; set up to create environmentally sustainable economy" href="http://english.cntv.cn/program/newsupdate/20120907/102472.shtml">lead to the creation of an environmentally sustainable economy based on energy-saving industries</a>.&#8221; In their <em>Nature</em> article, though, the scholars note: &#8220;Many land-creation projects in China ignore environmental regulations, because local governments tend to prioritize making money over protecting nature.&#8221; The authors close by arguing the Chinese government needs to further research the project, recruiting help from other government organizations such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Geological Survey and an international association of hydrologist&#8217;s from the United States and Canada. Though I agree more environmental protection would relieve <em>some</em> ecological stress, these recommendations do not <a title="The Root is Power" href="http://c4ss.org/content/17573">strike the root</a> of the problem &#8212; state economic power.</p>
<p>If we instead apply laissez-faire politics to land management we may begin to view land as it is (natural, beautiful and important) as opposed to how it should be.</p>
<p>American libertarian and political philosopher Karl Hess Jr., in his book <em><a title="Karl Hess: Visions Upon the Land" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=UuUXOxomAPAC&amp;pg=PP3&amp;lpg=PP3&amp;dq=karl+hess+environment&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=gCKovfldrH&amp;sig=Xn7LK-slpLW_mT7P326DW5%E2%80%93B58&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=y42pU7mTI4PNsQTd74CgBw&amp;ved=0CFYQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&amp;q=karl%20hess%20environment&amp;f=false">Visions Upon the Land: Man and Nature on the Western Range</a></em>,<em> </em>attributes the decline in health of natural lands to inherent problems in government policy, ecological destabilization due to government intrusion and the destructiveness of sweeping land use policies. Hess believes that instead of looking for more laws and regulations to manage natural resources (inevitably enhancing state economic power) we should instead seek an economic system based on voluntary market interactions without the involvement of the <a title="State (polity)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)">state</a>.</p>
<p>This adaptive approach to ecological protection <a title="Managing the Anthropocene" href="http://c4ss.org/content/26360">yields incredible results</a>. Take for instance the work of Nobel Laureate <a title="Elinor Ostrom" href="http://elinorostrom.indiana.edu/">Elinor Ostrom</a>. Her work reveals environmental sustainability is not the product of government intervention, but instead a result of self organized institutions where key management decisions are made as organically as possible. It is also wise to remember the old community based, sustainable management of village lands &#8211; suppressed by the great landlords, the communist state and the neoliberal state in succession.</p>
<p>Homogenization is dangerous for both world ecosystems and economics. Nature and human civilization are incredibly complex and dynamic &#8211; neither will be sustained by sweeping ideas of natural resource management.</p>
<p>Ecological systems and free markets share an affinity for diversity and both long for sustainability. The dissolution of power and control will advance best management practices. For this reason, we should not look vertically to state institutions, but horizontally to one another in the market. The goal should not be expanding the floor of the cage, the goal should be abolition. <a title="Neighborhood Environmentalism: Toward Democratic Energy" href="http://c4ss.org/content/27895">Neighborhood environmentalism</a> will build sustainable markets &#8212; and markets are beautiful.</p>
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