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	<title>Center for a Stateless Society &#187; chemical weapons</title>
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		<title>Estados Unidos Não Têm Autoridade Moral Para Condenar Assad</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/21303</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Sep 2013 20:00:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sheldon Richman]]></dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Tenha ou não ditador sírio Bashar al-Assad usado armas químicas, o Presidente Obama não tem base legítima para intervir. Ataques aéreos dos Estados Unidos, visantes a punir e a dissuadir Assad e a degradar sua instituição militar, mas não a derrubar seu regime, aumentariam o investimento dos Estados Unidos na guerra civil síria e tornariam...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tenha ou não ditador sírio Bashar al-Assad usado armas químicas, o Presidente Obama não tem base legítima para intervir.</p>
<p>Ataques aéreos dos Estados Unidos, visantes a punir e a dissuadir Assad e a degradar sua instituição militar, mas não a derrubar seu regime, aumentariam o investimento dos Estados Unidos na guerra civil síria e tornariam ainda maiores as probabilidades de intervenção ulterior. A interveção anterior de Obama é o que nos levou a este ponto. Em vez de ficar longe desse conflito regional, ele declarou que Assad tem de sair; designou o uso de armas químicas como “linha vermelha” cujo cruzamento acarretaria reação dos Estados Unidos; e armou e ademais auxiliou a oposição a Assad, que é dominada por jihadistas no estilo da al-Qaeda, que não nutrem sentimentos positivos em relação aos Estados Unidos. Uma vez presidente estadunidense faça dessas coisas, passos adicionais serão quase inevitáveis, se não por outra razão que a “credibilidade estadunidense” ser dita estar em jogo.</p>
<p>Já se pode ouvir os falcões da guerra verberando Obama por seus ataques punitivos “meramente simbólicos” que não tiveram efeito real na guerra civil. Uma vez tendo dado esse passo, conseguirá Obama resistir à pressão por imposição de uma zona de voo proibido ou mais bombardeios? Ele e a instituição militar não parecem entusiasmados com ir mais fundo, mas a pressão política poderá ser formidável. Será que o povo estadunidense manterá sua oposição a envolvimento mais pleno quando a mídia noticiosa aumentar o volume dos tambores de guerra? Quanto tempo antes que as fotos da zona de guerra criem aprovação pública para “intervenção humanitária,” para a qual os falcões então apontarão em apoio de sua causa?</p>
<p>Não se equivoquem: os Estados Unidos estariam cometendo ato de guerra à Síria — e, a julgar pela intervenção na Líbia em 2011, estariam-no fazendo inconstitucionalmente, sem autorização do Congresso. Se a história nos ensina algo, é que tal guerra será imprevisível. Mesmo ataques “cirúrgicos” limitados poderão ter consequências não pretendidas (mortes de civis e perdas estadunidenses) e provocar reações imprevistas, inclusive dos aliados da Síria Irã e Hezbollah.</p>
<p>Explorar <a href="http://original.antiwar.com/porter/2013/08/27/in-rush-to-strike-syria-u-s-tried-to-derail-u-n-probe/">alegações não fundamentadas</a> acerca de armas químicas também envolve risco de repetir as trapalhadas de há uma década, quando inteligência questionável foi usada para justificar guerra ilícita de agressão ao Iraque. Haverá base para confiança nas alegações de que as forças de Assad usaram armas químicas? Talvez o tenham feito, mas alguma coisa não faz sentido. Assad tinha muito a perder com o uso delas, enquanto os rebeldes muito a ganhar: intervenção ocidental em seu favor. (Em maio membro da Comissão de Investigação Independente da Síria das Nações Unidas <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/uns-carla-del-ponte-says-there-is-evidence-rebels-may-have-used-sarin-in-syria-8604920.html" target="_blank">concluiu</a> que os rebeldes podem ter usado armas químicas à época.) Como escreve <a href="http://hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2013/08/before-we-bomb-syria-shouldnt-we-seek-proof-of-guilt-.html" target="_blank">Peter Hitchens</a>,</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">O que poderia ter tomado [Assad] para que ele fizesse algo tão insano? Ele estava, até aquele evento, na verdade indo bastante bem em sua guerra contra os rebeldes sunitas. Quaisquer ganhos concebíveis decorrentes do uso de armas químicas seriam neutralizados um milhão de vezes pelo risco diplomático. Não faz sentido.</p>
<p>Hitchens urge cautela:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">Parece-me haver diversos motivos para sermos cautelosos. O primeiro é que temos a tendência de acreditar em coisas ruins a respeito daqueles que já decidimos serem inimigos, especialmente em democracias onde eleitores têm de ser persuadidos a assinar o vasto cheque em branco da guerra.</p>
<p>Finalmente, é grotesco ver autoridades do governo dos Estados Unidos, como o <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=50153741n" target="_blank">Secretário de Estado John Kerry</a>, condenando as táticas de guerra de alguém como “moralmente obscenas” devendo “chocar a consciência do mundo.” Desde 1945 o governo dos Estados Unidos deflagra guerras de agressão com violação da lei internacional. Torturou prisioneiros detidos sem acusação. Lançou bombas atômicas em centros civis, e usou napalm, Agente Laranja, explosivos de <a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/15168-depleted-uranium-contamination-is-still-spreading-in-iraq" target="_blank">urânio empobrecido</a>, e armas incendiárias de  <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_phosphorus_use_in_Iraq" target="_blank">fósforo branco</a>. Fez bombardeios de arraso e incendiários em cidades. As <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/18/vietnam-unexploded-landmines-bombs" target="_blank">minas terrestres não explodidas</a> e <a href="http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/vietnam/100602/cluster-bombs-landmines-demining-quang-tri" target="_blank">bombas de fragmentação</a> ainda ameaçam os povos do <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/3001:landmines-and-cluster-bombs-weapons-of-mass-destruction-in-slow-motion" target="_blank">Vietnã e do Cambódia</a>. (Dezenas de milhares de pessoas já foram <a href="http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/13995600-us-troops-to-return-to-vietnam-to-help-clear-land-mines-from-vietnam-war" target="_blank">mortas ou feridas</a> desde que a guerra terminou em 1975.)</p>
<p>Hoje o governo dos Estados Unidos cruelmente inflige sofrimento a <a href="http://original.antiwar.com/sahimi/2012/08/08/sanctions-will-kill-tens-of-thousands-of-iranians/" target="_blank">homens, mulheres e crianças iranianos</a> por meio de sanções econômicas praticamente totais — do mesmo modo que o fez ao <a href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v32/n14/andrew-cockburn/worth-it" target="_blank">povo iraquiano</a> de 1990 a 2003. Ademais ameaça guerra de agressão ao Irã.</p>
<p>E embora seletivamente lamente a crise humanitária na Síria, a administração Obama banca o governo militar do Egito, que massacrou mais de mil manifestantes nas ruas, e a repressão a palestinos por Israel.</p>
<p>O governo dos Estados Unidos deveria pôr a própria casa em ordem e parar de dar lições de moral aos outros.</p>
<p>Artigo original afixado por <a title="Posts by Sheldon Richman" href="http://c4ss.org/content/author/sheldon-richman">Sheldon Richman</a><a href="http://c4ss.org/content/21088" target="_blank"> 29 de agosto de 2013</a>.</p>
<p>Traduzido do inglês por <a href="http://zqxjkv0.blogspot.com.br/2013/09/c4ss-us-has-no-moral-standing-to.html" target="_blank">Murilo Otávio Rodrigues Paes Leme</a>.</p>
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		<title>John Kerry&#8217;s Tender Sensibilities</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/21078</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Aug 2013 18:00:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kevin Carson]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chemical weapons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John Kerry]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[In response to Bashir Assad&#8217;s crossing of a &#8220;red line&#8221; by allegedly using chemical weapons against his own people, Secretary of State John Kerry cites his own fatherly feelings as justification for the all-but-inevitable looming US military intervention in Syria. &#8220;As a father, I can&#8217;t get the image out of my head, of a father...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In response to Bashir Assad&#8217;s crossing of a &#8220;red line&#8221; by allegedly using chemical weapons against his own people, Secretary of State John Kerry cites his own fatherly feelings as justification for the all-but-inevitable looming US military intervention in Syria. &#8220;As a father, I can&#8217;t get the image out of my head, of a father who held up his dead child, wailing &#8230;&#8221;</p>
<p>Hopefully CNN will try extra hard to sanitize the war footage from Syria once the bombing starts, now that we know how badly dead Syrian kids upset Kerry. Because you can be sure there are a lot more dead Syrian kids on the way.</p>
<p>Of course, Kerry&#8217;s sensitivity to dead children is a bit like Carter having a problem with liver pills. This is the same John Kerry who served in Vietnam, and who backed two attacks on Iraq and one on Afghanistan, is it not? One of the most iconic images in the history of journalism is a little girl, naked and burning, running down a Vietnamese road after a chemical weapons attack by the United States. And the US all but condemned Al-Jazeera as a terrorist organization for airing images of Iraqi children incinerated in the American attack in 2003.</p>
<p>For that matter, US &#8220;redlining&#8221; of a country for using chemical weapons is also a bit odd. In the same press conference, Kerry spoke of holding Iraq accountable for violating international, historically established norms. But the US itself has quite a history of violating such norms. In WWII, for instance, the U.S. holds pride of place not only for the firebombing of Dresden and Tokyo, but for being the first and only military power in history to burn hundreds of thousands of civilians alive with atomic weapons in the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.</p>
<p>As for chemical weapons, aren&#8217;t Agent Orange and napalm &#8212; the liquid fire used on that screaming little girl mentioned above &#8212; supposed to count? The cumulative effect of US chemical weapons use in Indochina is millions dead during the war in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia &#8212; and millions more dead of cancer and genetic defects in the decades since.</p>
<p>While we&#8217;re on the subject of chemical weapons, the story just came out &#8212; at about the worst possible time for the US, as it&#8217;s rolling out its propaganda for another war &#8212; that the US actively aided Iraq&#8217;s Saddam Hussein in targeting Iranian troops with nerve gas. It was known for some time that the Reagan administration had shared intelligence with Iraq at the same time it was using chemical weapons in the Gulf War. But it turns out Washington was supplying intelligence in full knowledge that that intelligence would be used to identify Iranian troop concentrations for targeting with nerve agents. Iran was preparing for the strategic exploitation of a huge hole in Saddam&#8217;s defenses, which might well have turned the tide of the war and led to enormous Iranian gains at the mouth of the Tigris and Euphrates, increasing military pressure on Kuwait and other Arab Gulf states.</p>
<p>The overall American policy arc in Iraq from the &#8217;80s on seems to be: 1) Help Saddam to make war on his neighbors; 2) help Saddam use weapons of mass destruction against his neighbors; 3) encourage Saddam to invade Kuwait; 4) bomb the hell out of Saddam in 1991 for invading Kuwait and making war against his neighbors; 5) bomb the hell out of Saddam in 2003 for possibly still having weapons of mass destruction.</p>
<p>In short, the United States simply does not give a rip about Saddam, Assad, or anyone else using chemical weapons or committing war crimes of any kind. The US routinely supports regimes that engage in war crimes &#8212; and then publicly condemns them for war crimes only when they stop taking orders from Washington or otherwise become a liability. War crimes by official enemies are just a propaganda point for selling wars to the public.</p>
<p>Consumer advisory: Don&#8217;t buy a used war from this man.</p>
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		<title>U.S. Has No Moral Standing To Condemn Assad</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/21088</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/21088#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Aug 2013 17:30:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sheldon Richman]]></dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Whether or not Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons, President Obama has no legitimate grounds to intervene. U.S. airstrikes, intended to punish and deter Assad and degrade his military but not overthrow his regime, would deepen the U.S. investment in the Syrian civil war and increase the chances of further intervention. Obama’s previous intervention is what...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whether or not Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons, President Obama has no legitimate grounds to intervene.</p>
<p>U.S. airstrikes, intended to punish and deter Assad and degrade his military but not overthrow his regime, would deepen the U.S. investment in the Syrian civil war and increase the chances of further intervention. Obama’s previous intervention is what has brought us to this point. Instead of steering clear of this regional conflict, he declared that Assad must go; designated the use of chemical weapons as a “red line” the crossing of which would bring a U.S. response; and armed and otherwise aided Assad’s opposition, which is dominated by al-Qaeda-style jihadists who have no good feelings toward America. Once an American president does these things, further steps are almost inevitable if for no other reason than that “American credibility” will be said to be at stake.</p>
<p>One can already hear the war hawks berating Obama for his “merely symbolic” punitive airstrike that had no real effect on the civil war. Once he’s taken that step, will Obama be able to resist the pressure for imposing a no-fly zone or for more bombing? He and the military seem unenthusiastic about getting in deeper, but political pressure can be formidable. Will the American people maintain their opposition to fuller involvement when the news media turn up the volume of the war drums? How long before the pictures from the war zone create public approval for “humanitarian intervention,” which the hawks will then point to in support of their cause?</p>
<p>Make no mistake: the United States would be committing an act of war against Syria — and judging by the 2011 Libyan intervention, it would be doing so unconstitutionally, without congressional authorization. If history teaches us anything, it is that war is unpredictable. Even limited “surgical” strikes can have unintended consequences (civilian deaths and American losses) and could elicit unanticipated responses, including from Syria’s allies Iran and Hezbollah.</p>
<p>Exploiting <a href="http://original.antiwar.com/porter/2013/08/27/in-rush-to-strike-syria-u-s-tried-to-derail-u-n-probe/">unsubstantiated allegations</a> about chemical weapons also runs the risk of repeating the blunder of a decade ago, when dubious intelligence was used to justify an unlawful war of aggression against Iraq. Are there grounds for confidence in the claims that Assad’s forces used chemical weapons? Maybe they did, but something does not add up. Assad has much to lose by their use, while the rebels have much to gain: Western intervention on their behalf. (In May a member of the UN Independent Commission of Inquiry on Syria <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/uns-carla-del-ponte-says-there-is-evidence-rebels-may-have-used-sarin-in-syria-8604920.html" target="_blank">concluded</a> that the rebels may have used chemical weapons at that time.) As <a href="http://hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2013/08/before-we-bomb-syria-shouldnt-we-seek-proof-of-guilt-.html" target="_blank">Peter Hitchens</a> writes,</p>
<blockquote><p>What could possibly have possessed [Assad] to do something so completely crazy? He was, until this event, actually doing quite well in his war against the Sunni rebels. Any conceivable gains from using chemical weapons would be cancelled out a million times by the diplomatic risk. It does not make sense.</p></blockquote>
<p>Hitchens urges caution:</p>
<blockquote><p>It seems to me that there are several reasons to be careful. The first is that we seek to believe evil of those we have already decided to be enemies, especially in democracies where voters must be persuaded to sign the vast blank cheque of war.</p></blockquote>
<p>Finally, it is grotesque to see officials of the U.S. government, such as <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=50153741n" target="_blank">Secretary of State John Kerry</a>, condemning anyone’s war tactics as something “morally obscene” that should “shock the conscience of the world.” Since 1945, the U.S. government has launched aggressive wars in violation of international law. It has tortured prisoners detained without charge. It has dropped atomic bombs on civilian centers, and used napalm, Agent Orange, <a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/15168-depleted-uranium-contamination-is-still-spreading-in-iraq" target="_blank">depleted-uranium</a> shells, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_phosphorus_use_in_Iraq" target="_blank">white phosphorus</a> incendiary weapons. It has carpet bombed and firebombed cities. America’s <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/18/vietnam-unexploded-landmines-bombs" target="_blank">unexploded landmines</a> and <a href="http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/vietnam/100602/cluster-bombs-landmines-demining-quang-tri" target="_blank">cluster bombs</a> still threaten the people of <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/3001:landmines-and-cluster-bombs-weapons-of-mass-destruction-in-slow-motion" target="_blank">Vietnam and Cambodia</a>. (Tens of thousands have been <a href="http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/13995600-us-troops-to-return-to-vietnam-to-help-clear-land-mines-from-vietnam-war" target="_blank">killed or injured</a> since the war ended in 1975.)</p>
<p>Today the U.S. government cruelly inflicts suffering on <a href="http://original.antiwar.com/sahimi/2012/08/08/sanctions-will-kill-tens-of-thousands-of-iranians/" target="_blank">Iranian men, women, and children</a>through virtually comprehensive economic sanctions — just as it did to the <a href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v32/n14/andrew-cockburn/worth-it" target="_blank">Iraqi people</a> from 1990 to 2003. It also threatens aggressive war against Iran.</p>
<p>And while it selectively laments the humanitarian crisis in Syria, the Obama administration bankrolls Egypt’s military government, which massacred over a thousand street demonstrators, and Israel’s repression of the Palestinians.</p>
<p>The U.S. government should get its own house in order and quit lecturing others.</p>
<p>Translations for this article:</p>
<ul>
<li>Portuguese, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/21303" target="_blank">Estados Unidos Não Têm Autoridade Moral Para Condenar Assad</a>.</li>
</ul>
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		<title>Os de Sempre versus Síria: Armas de Destruição em Massa &#8211; WMD para Nós mas não para Vós</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/18813</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/18813#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2013 23:00:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Thomas L. Knapp]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stateless Embassies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chemical weapons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hypoc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Syria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Kingdom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[united states]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Os governos francês, britântico e israelense, todos eles, acusaram o regime da Síria de usar armas químicas em sua luta em andamento com rebeldes apoiados pelo estrangeiro. O Secretário-Geral das Nações Unidas Ban Ki-Moon está urgindo Assad para que permita inspetores das Nações Unidas no país para confirmar ou refutar as alegações. E o presidente dos Estados Unidos, Barack...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Os governos francês, britântico e israelense, todos eles, <a href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2013/04/26/Israel-urges-U-S-action-over-Syrian-chemical-weapons.html" target="_blank">acusaram</a> o regime da Síria de usar armas químicas em sua luta em andamento com rebeldes apoiados pelo estrangeiro. O Secretário-Geral das Nações Unidas Ban Ki-Moon está <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/syrian-prime-minister-escapes-car-bombing/2013/04/29/b6e0b820-b0be-11e2-9a98-4be1688d7d84_story.html" target="_blank">urgindo Assad para que permita inspetores das Nações Unidas no país</a> para confirmar ou refutar as alegações. E o presidente dos Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, embora evite cuidadosamente acusação direta, disse publicamente que prova da acusação seria um “<a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/04/26/syria-chemical-denial.html">modificador do jogo</a>,” querendo com isso significar que ela serviria como pretexto para escalada do intrometimento dos Estados Unidos no conflito.</p>
<p>As alegações, contudo, soam ocas &#8230; ou pelo menos hipócritas:</p>
<ul>
<li>O governo israelense <a href="http://rt.com/news/israel-gaza-march-clashes-475/">usou abertamente armas químicas na Margem Oeste</a> pelo menos tão recentemente quanto em 26 de abril.</li>
<li>O governo francês <a href="http://www.thelocal.fr/page/view/clashes-and-celebrations-after-gay-marriage-vote#.UX658FV7P2G" target="_blank">agrediu com gás centenas de manifestantes</a> em Paris pelo menos tão recentemente quanto em 24 de abril.</li>
<li>Armas químicas são usadas sistematicamente pelas forças do regime dos Estados Unidos para propósitos tão desimportantes quanto <a href="http://www.denverpost.com/breakingnews/ci_23126404/fort-collins-police-disperse-large-party-tear-gas" target="_blank">dispersar festas turbulentas de universitários</a>. E se quisermos expandir nosso foco para armas mais gerais de destruição em massa, os Estados Unidos remanescem como o único país a jamais usar armas nucleares contra grandes populações civis. Suponho que poderíamos também discorrer acerca de fósforo branco e urânio empobrecido, mas vocês já entenderam a ideia.</li>
<li>Tanto <a href="http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/04/09/Egypt-gets-US-shipment-of-tear-gas/UPI-18621365514978/" target="_blank">os Estados Unidos</a> quanto <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/britishmade-tear-gas-was-used-on-egypts-protesters-6272117.html" target="_blank">o Reino Unido</a>fornecem armas químicas a regimes repressores em todo o mundo.</li>
</ul>
<p>Se lhes parecer inadequado comparar CS (“gás lacrimogênio”), a arma química específica usada por todos esses regimes como descrito acima, com GB (“sarin”), o agente que eles acusam Bashar al-Assad de usar, pensem outra vez: CS é especificamente projetado como arma química, tão ilegal para uso na guerra internacional quanto GB, nos termos da Convenção de Armas Químicas de 1997.</p>
<p>Os governos de França, do Reino Unido e dos Estados Unidos assinaram e ratificaram aquela convenção. O governo de Israel a assinou, embora ela permaneça não ratificada pelo Knesset. No entanto, todos aqueles quatro governos livre e frequentemente usam uma arma química ilegal “contra seu próprio povo,” os israelenses a usam em áreas estrangeiras que ocupam militarmente, e os Estados Unidos e o Reino Unido exportam-na para uso por outros governos “contra seus próprios povos” — enquanto condenam o governo da Síria por alegadamente exercer <em>exatamente a mesma isenção doméstica/interna.</em> Não que a Síria precise de tal isenção; ela é um dos cinco governos que nunca assinaram nem ratificaram a Convenção de Armas Químicas.</p>
<p>A definição de “arma química” e “arma de destruição em massa” é inflada ou desinflada como necessário para servir aos propósitos de uma classe dominante do regime, tanto no país quanto no exterior.</p>
<p>Quando um avião não tripulado [drone] acerta um míssil Hellfire II com uma ogiva de 8 libras de fragmentação/antipessoal numa festa de casamento no Paquistão, está tudo certo. Quando Dzhokhar Tsarnaev alegadamente explode duas panelas de pressão cheias de pólvora e bolas de bilha na Maratona de Boston, isso é “uso de arma de destruição em massa.”</p>
<p>Quando o governo dos Estados Unidos usa tanques para bombear CS numa igreja estadunidense, incendiar o edifício e metralhar os residentes em fuga, isso é “fazer cumprir a lei.” Quando Bashar al-Assad alegadamente usa sarin contra opositores armados que tentam depô-lo, isso é “assassinar seu próprio povo.”</p>
<p>Por que se mostram os governos tão ávidos em fazer distinções entre tipos de armas? Porque sem isso esses governos são parecidos a ponto de serem indistinguíveis uns dos outros.</p>
<p>Artigo original afixado por <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/18619" target="_blank">Thomas L. Knapp em 30 de abril de 2013</a>.</p>
<p>Traduzido do inglês por <a href="http://zqxjkv0.blogspot.com.br/2013/05/c4ss-usual-suspects-v-syria-wmd-for-we.html" target="_blank">Murilo Otávio Rodrigues Paes Leme</a>.</p>
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		<title>The Usual Suspects v. Syria: WMD for We but not for Thee</title>
		<link>http://c4ss.org/content/18619</link>
		<comments>http://c4ss.org/content/18619#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 2013 18:00:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Thomas L. Knapp]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commentary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chemical weapons]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The French, British and Israeli governments have all accused Syria&#8217;s regime of using chemical weapons in its ongoing struggle with foreign-backed rebels. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon is urging Assad to allow UN inspectors into the country to verify or disprove the claims. And US president Barack Obama, while carefully avoiding a direct accusation, has...]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The French, British and Israeli governments have all <a href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2013/04/26/Israel-urges-U-S-action-over-Syrian-chemical-weapons.html" target="_blank">accused</a> Syria&#8217;s regime of using chemical weapons in its ongoing struggle with foreign-backed rebels. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon is <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/syrian-prime-minister-escapes-car-bombing/2013/04/29/b6e0b820-b0be-11e2-9a98-4be1688d7d84_story.html" target="_blank">urging Assad to allow UN inspectors into the country</a> to verify or disprove the claims. And US president Barack Obama, while carefully avoiding a direct accusation, has publicly mused that proof of the charge would be a &#8220;<a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/04/26/syria-chemical-denial.html">game-changer</a>,&#8221; by which he means that it would serve as an excuse to escalate US meddling in the conflict.</p>
<p>But the allegation rings hollow &#8230; or at least hypocritical:</p>
<ul>
<li>The Israeli government <a href="http://rt.com/news/israel-gaza-march-clashes-475/">openly used chemical weapons in the West Bank</a> at least as recently as April 26.</li>
<li>The French government <a href="http://www.thelocal.fr/page/view/clashes-and-celebrations-after-gay-marriage-vote#.UX658FV7P2G" target="_blank">gassed hundreds of protesters</a> in Paris at least as recently as April 24.</li>
<li>Chemical weapons are routinely used by US regime forces for purposes as unimportant as <a href="http://www.denverpost.com/breakingnews/ci_23126404/fort-collins-police-disperse-large-party-tear-gas" target="_blank">breaking up rowdy college parties</a>. And if we want to expand our focus to more general weapons of mass destruction, the US remains the only country to ever use nuclear weapons on large civilian populations. I suppose we could also talk about white phosphorous and depleted uranium, but you get the picture.</li>
<li>Both <a href="http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/04/09/Egypt-gets-US-shipment-of-tear-gas/UPI-18621365514978/" target="_blank">the US</a> and <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/britishmade-tear-gas-was-used-on-egypts-protesters-6272117.html" target="_blank">the UK</a> supply chemical weapons to repressive regimes around the world.</li>
</ul>
<p>If it seems perverse to compare CS (&#8220;tear gas&#8221;), the particular chemical weapon used by all these regimes as described above, to GB (&#8220;sarin&#8221;), the agent they accuse Bashar al-Assad of using, consider, think again: CS is specifically designated as a chemical weapon, just as illegal for use in international warfare as GB, under the 1997 Chemical Weapons Convention.</p>
<p>The governments of France, the United Kingdom and the United States have signed and ratified that convention. Israel&#8217;s government has signed it, although it remains unratified by the Knesset. Yet all four governments freely and frequently use an illegal chemical weapon &#8220;on their own people,&#8221; the Israelis use it in foreign areas they militarily occupy, and the US and UK export it for use by other governments &#8220;on their own people&#8221; &#8212; all while condemning Syria&#8217;s government for allegedly exercising <em>exactly the same domestic/internal exemption</em>. Not that Syria needs such an exemption; it is one of five governments which has never signed or ratified the Chemical Weapons Convention.</p>
<p>The definition of &#8220;chemical weapon&#8221; and &#8220;weapon of mass destruction&#8221; gets inflated or deflated as necessary to serve the purposes of a regime&#8217;s ruling class, both at home and abroad.</p>
<p>When a US drone fires a Hellfire II missile with an 8-pound fragmentation/anti-personnel warhead into a wedding party in Pakistan, that&#8217;s just cricket. When Dzhokhar Tsarnaev allegedly sets off two pressure cookers filled with black powder and ball bearings at the Boston Marathon, that&#8217;s &#8220;using a weapon of mass destruction.&#8221;</p>
<p>When the US government uses tanks to pump CS into an American church, sets the building on fire and machine-guns the fleeing residents, that&#8217;s &#8220;law enforcement.&#8221; When Bashar al-Assad allegedly uses sarin on armed opponents trying to overthrow him, that&#8217;s &#8220;murdering his own people.&#8221;</p>
<p>Why are governments so eager to make distinctions between types of weapons? Because those governments are otherwise so much alike as to be indistinguishable one from another.</p>
<p>Translations for this article:</p>
<ul>
<li>Portuguese, <a href="http://c4ss.org/content/18813" target="_blank">Os de Sempre versus Síria: Armas de Destruição em Massa &#8211; WMD para Nós mas não para Vós</a>.</li>
</ul>
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